Types of Birth Control: Family Planning
Types of Birth Control
Birth control is a method used to prevent pregnancy. There are many different types of birth control available, each with its own pros and cons. The best type of birth control for you will depend on your individual needs and circumstances.
Types of Pregnancy prevention
There are two main types of birth control:
- Hormonal birth control
- Barrier birth control
Hormonal birth control
Hormonal birth control works by preventing the release of an egg from the ovary. This is done by using hormones to trick the body into thinking it is already pregnant. Hormonal birth control is very effective in preventing pregnancy, but it can have side effects.
Types of Hormonal Birth Control
- Birth control pills
Birth control pills are taken orally, once a day. There are two types of birth control pills: combined pills and progestin-only pills. Combined pills contain both estrogen and progestin, while progestin-only pills only contain progestin.
- Birth control patch
The birth control patch is a thin, adhesive patch that is placed on the skin once a week. It releases hormones through the skin into the bloodstream.
- Birth control ring
The birth control ring is a small, flexible ring that is inserted into the vagina once a month. It releases hormones through the vaginal walls into the bloodstream.
- Birth control shot
The birth control shot is an injection that is given once every three months. It releases hormones into the bloodstream.
- Birth control implant
The birth control implant is a small, flexible rod that is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It releases hormones into the bloodstream for up to three years.
- Intrauterine device (IUD)
The IUD is a small, T-shaped device that is inserted into the uterus by a doctor. It can be hormonal or non-hormonal. Hormonal IUDs release progestin into the uterus, while non-hormonal IUDs work by preventing sperm from reaching the egg. IUDs are very effective in preventing pregnancy and can last for up to 10 years.
Barrier Birth Control
Barrier birth control methods work by physically blocking sperm from reaching the egg. While not as effective as hormonal methods, barrier methods have the advantage of being free from hormone-related side effects.
Types of Barrier Birth Control
- Condoms
Condoms are thin, latex sheaths that are placed over the penis before sex. They prevent sperm from entering the vagina.
- Diaphragm
The diaphragm is a soft, dome-shaped cup that is inserted into the vagina before sex. It covers the cervix and prevents sperm from entering the uterus.
- Cervical cap
The cervical cap is a small, thimble-shaped cup that fits over the cervix. It prevents sperm from entering the uterus.
- Spermicide
Spermicide is a cream, jelly, or foam that is inserted into the vagina before sex. It kills sperm.
Other Types of Birth Control
- Emergency contraception
Emergency contraception is a type of birth control that can be taken after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy. It is most effective when taken within 72 hours of sex.
- Fertility awareness methods
Fertility awareness methods are a group of birth control methods that involve tracking your menstrual cycle to predict when you are most fertile. This information can be used to avoid sex during your fertile window.
- Sterilization
Sterilization is a permanent form of birth control. It involves a surgical procedure that prevents the release of eggs or sperm.
Choosing the Right Birth Control
The best type of birth control for you will depend on your individual needs and circumstances. You should talk to your doctor about your options to find the best birth control for you.
Here are some things to consider when choosing a birth control method:
- Effectiveness
- Side effects
- Cost
- Convenience
- Personal preferences
It is important to remember that no birth control method is 100% effective. If you are concerned about becoming pregnant, you should use a backup method of birth control, such as condoms.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What is the most effective type of birth control?
- IUDs and implants are generally considered the most effective hormonal methods.
2. Can birth control cause weight gain?
- Some hormonal methods may cause slight weight fluctuations.
3. Does birth control protect against STIs?
- Only condoms provide protection against sexually transmitted infections.
4. Can I stop taking birth control pills at any time?
- Yes, but you may become pregnant immediately.
5. How long does it take for birth control to be effective?
- Varies by method. Consult your doctor for specific timelines.
6. Where can I get birth control?
- Doctors, clinics (like Planned Parenthood), and some pharmacies.
7. Can I use birth control if I’m breastfeeding?
- Some methods are safe for breastfeeding mothers. Discuss options with your doctor.
Additional Resources
- Planned Parenthood: https://www.plannedparenthood.org/
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development: https://www.nichd.nih.gov/
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: https://www.cdc.gov/
